Step by step dataguard configuration
In this exercise I have provided steps in
detailed manner to build physical standby database in oracle 11g. We will be
doing standby setup in the following servers.
Server details :
|
|
Hostname
|
Ip address
|
|
Primary
|
Dev186.ebs.com
|
192.168.55.42
|
|
Standby
|
Dev201.ebs.com
|
192.168.55.34
|
DB details :
|
|
SID
|
DB_Unique_Name
|
Service Name
|
|
Primary
|
Primary
|
Primary
|
PRIMARY
|
|
Standby
|
Primary
|
Standby
|
STANDBY
|
Prerequisites for primary server :
- Primary should be running in archive log
mode and Force logging should be enabled as below
Please issue the below to check whether db
is running in archive log mode or no archive log mode :
SQL> archive log
list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Please issue the below to check whether db
is running in force_logging mode :
SQL> select
FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;
FOR
---
YES
In case your db is running in noarchivelog
mode and non-force logging mode follow the below :
Before issuing the queries below make sure
to keep your db in mount state :
SQL> alter
database archivelog enable;
SQL>alter
database force logging;
make sure you have connectivity between primary and standby
servers.
From primary :
[oracle@dev186
oracle]$ ping 192.168.55.34
From standby :
[oracle@dev186
oracle]$ ping 192.168.55.42
Primary listener file :
(/oracle/11g/11gr2/network/admin/listener.ora)
# listener.ora Network Configuration File:
/oracle/11g/11gr2/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER_PRIMARY = (SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =(SID_NAME = primary) (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/11g/11gr2)))
INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_LISTENER = 0
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dev186.ebs.com)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = primary)
(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/11g/11gr2)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /oracle/11g
TNS files : (/oracle/11g/11gr2/network/admin/tnsnames.ora)
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:
/oracle/11g/11gr2/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
PRIMARY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dev186.ebs.com)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = PRIMARY)
)
)
LISTENER_PRIMARY =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dev186.ebs.com)(PORT = 1521))
STANDBY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dev201.ebs.com)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = STANDBY)
)
)
Once you have updated both the listener and
tnsnames files, start the listener in both the servers and check the below :
Primary :
[oracle@dev186
oracle]$ lsnrctl start
to check status,
[oracle@dev186
oracle]$ lsnrctl status
Standby :
once listener is up issue the below and
check the connectivity
[oracle@dev186
oracle]$tnsping primary
[oracle@dev186
oracle]$tnsping standby
In order to configure dataguard, your
primary and standby should use same password file. Create a new password file
if you dont remember current sys password else you can move the current password file to standby as below
:
[oracle@dev186 oracle]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@dev186 11gr2]$ cd dbs
[oracle@dev186 dbs]$ ls
hc_clone.dat
hc_primary.dat initCLONE.ora initstandby.ora lkSTANDBY
redo.sql
spfileprimary.ora
hc_DBUA0.dat
hc_standby.dat init.ora lkCLONE orapwprimary snapcf_primary.f
hc_orcl.dat
initclone.ora
initPRIMARY.ora lkPRIMARY primary.ora spfileclone.ora
[oracle@dev186
dbs]$ scp orapwprimary oracle@192.168.55.34:/oracle/11g/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
orapwstandby
Add standby redo logs :
SQL>alter database add standby
logfile group 4 ‘/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/onlinelog/log4a.log’
size 500M;
Database altered.
Update required parameters in primary pfile.
Your primary pfile should be as below :
Primary pfile =
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initprimary.ora
initPRIMARY.ora :
primary.__db_cache_size=520093696
primary.__java_pool_size=16777216
primary.__large_pool_size=16777216
primary.__oracle_base='/oracle/11g'#ORACLE_BASE
set from environment
primary.__pga_aggregate_target=771751936
primary.__sga_target=855638016
primary.__shared_io_pool_size=0
primary.__shared_pool_size=285212672
primary.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/11g/admin/primary/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/controlfile/o1_mf_9q0v8cyw_.ctl','/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/controlfile/o1_mf_9q0v8d1v_.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='/oracle/11g/oradata'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='primary'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5242880000
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='primary'
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/11g'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)
(SERVICE=primaryXDB)'
*.FAL_SERVER='standby'
*.local_listener='LISTENER_PRIMARY'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=standby
LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.memory_target=1613758464
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE='EXCLUSIVE'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
initstandby.ora :
primary.__db_cache_size=671088640
primary.__java_pool_size=16777216
primary.__large_pool_size=16777216
primary.__oracle_base='/oracle/11g'#ORACLE_BASE
set from environment
primary.__pga_aggregate_target=654311424
primary.__sga_target=973078528
primary.__shared_io_pool_size=0
primary.__shared_pool_size=251658240
primary.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/11g/admin/standby/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/oracle/11g/oradata/standby/control01.ctl','/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/standby/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='/oracle/11g/oradata/standby'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='primary'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5242880000
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/11g'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)
(SERVICE=standbyXDB)'
*.local_listener='LISTENER_STANDBY'
*.memory_target=1613758464
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
DB_UNIQUE_NAME='standby'
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=primary LGWR
ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
FAL_SERVER=standby
#db_create_online_log_dest_1='/oracle/11g/oradata/standby'
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
db_file_name_convert=('/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY','/oracle/11g/oradata/STANDBY')
log_file_name_convert=('/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY','/oracle/11g/oradata/STANDBY')
Once you have updated standby pfile, bring
up standby instance to nomount state.
[oracle@dev201
dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on
Sat Jun 7 12:06:04 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition
Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and
Real Application Testing options
SQL> startup
nomount pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initstandby.ora'
Your instance should be started without any
error.
Next, we have to clone primary db from
primary server to standby server. In order to achieve this, we can use any of
the cloing of the method as per our covenience. Here we will use duplicate
statement to replicate db. Make sure you have updated the parameters below in
standby pfile if your directory structure is different.
db_file_name_convert='/oracle/11g/oradata/STANDBY','/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY'
log_file_name_convert='/oracle/11g/oradata/STANDBY','/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY'
Take backup of primary database and
controlfile using RMAN as below :
[oracle@dev186
oracle]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 -
Production on Sat Jun 7 12:14:37 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its
affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PRIMARY
(DBID=1684851363)
RMAN> backup
current controlfile for standby;
Starting backup at 07-JUN-14
using target database control file instead
of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=147 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile
backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s)
in backup set
including standby control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at
07-JUN-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at
07-JUN-14
piece
handle=/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/backupset/2014_06_07/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20140607T121717_9s5fcrs3_.bkp
tag=TAG20140607T121717 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete,
elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 07-JUN-14
RMAN> backup
database plus archivelog;
Starting backup at 07-JUN-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile
backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s)
in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_system_9q0v6hgo_.dbf
input datafile file number=00002
name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_9q0v6hkx_.dbf
input datafile file number=00005
name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_example_9q0v8sz0_.dbf
input datafile file number=00003
name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_9q0v6hl7_.dbf
input datafile file number=00004
name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_users_9q0v6hm1_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at
07-JUN-14
Starting backup at 07-JUN-14
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log
backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived
log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=71
RECID=87 STAMP=849615566
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at
07-JUN-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at
07-JUN-14
piece
handle=/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/backupset/2014_06_07/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20140607T121926_9s5fhp63_.bkp
tag=TAG20140607T121926 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete,
elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 07-JUN-14
once backup is finished, Move all your
backup including controlfile backup to standby server using scp command. Move
all backup pieces to flash_recovery_area in standy server.
FRA ==> /oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area
but your backup pieces should be in the below as same as primary server,
Move backup pieces to the follwing in
standby server --> oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/backupset/2014_06_06
Before we duplicate standby db we have
create following directory structure into standby server.
[oracle@dev201
oracle]$ mkdir -pr oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/backupset/2014_06_06
[oracle@dev201
oracle]$ mkdir -pr oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/onlinelog
[oracle@dev201
oracle]$ mkdir -pr oracle/11g/oradata/standby
Now connect both target and auxiliary
servers using RMAN,
[oracle@dev201 trace]$ rman
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 -
Production on Sat Jun 7 12:27:59 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its
affiliates. All rights reserved.
RMAN> connect
auxiliray /
connected to target database: PRIMARY
(DBID=1684851363)
connected to auxiliary database: PRIMARY
(DBID=1684851363)
RMAN>
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck dorecover;
once done.
Start MRP process in standby database,
SQL> alter
database recover managed standy database disconnect;
once you issued, mrp bg process will be
started in standby, confirm be the below :
[oracle@dev201
STANDBY]$ ps -ef | grep mrp
oracle
9543 1 0 09:28 ? 00:00:01 ora_mrp0_standby
once MRP process have been stared in
standby, our standby db is all set receive redo log changes from primary. Now
manually switch log file and check archive log sequences to make sure both have
same count.
Connect to primary db and issue the below :
SQL>alter
system switch logfile;
SQL> archive
log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 72
Next log sequence to archive 74
Current log sequence 74
Connect to standy db and issue the below :
SQL>archive log
list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 72
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 74
Check both the primary and standby alert
logs for any errors. If not we have successfully configured physical standby
and we can confirm it by the following queries,
DG Queries :
Issue the following query to show
information about the protection mode, the protection level, the role of the
database, and switchover status:
SELECT
DATABASE_ROLE, DB_UNIQUE_NAME INSTANCE, OPEN_MODE, PROTECTION_MODE,
PROTECTION_LEVEL, SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;
On the standby database, query the
V$ARCHIVED_LOG view to identify existing files in the archived redo log.
SELECT
SEQUENCE#, FIRST_TIME, NEXT_TIME FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;
Or
SELECT THREAD#, MAX(SEQUENCE#) AS
"LAST_APPLIED_LOG" FROM V$LOG_HISTORY GROUP BY THREAD#;
On the standby database, query the
V$ARCHIVED_LOG view to verify the archived redo log files were applied.
SELECT
SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;
Query the physical standby database to monitor
Redo Apply and redo transport services activity at the standby site.
SELECT PROCESS, STATUS, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#,
BLOCK#, BLOCKS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;
To determine if real-time apply is enabled,
query the RECOVERY_MODE column of the V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS view.
SELECT
RECOVERY_MODE FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS;
The V$DATAGUARD_STATUS fixed view displays
events that would typically be triggered by any message to the alert log or
server process trace files.
SELECT MESSAGE FROM V$DATAGUARD_STATUS;
Hope this document helps! :) Happy learning!
Cheers!
