Step by step physical standby creation

Step by step dataguard configuration

In this exercise I have provided steps in detailed manner to build physical standby database in oracle 11g. We will be doing standby setup in the following servers.

Server details :

	Hostname	Ip address
Primary	Dev186.ebs.com	192.168.55.42
Standby	Dev201.ebs.com	192.168.55.34

DB details :

	SID	DB_Unique_Name	Service Name
Primary	Primary	Primary	PRIMARY
Standby	Primary	Standby	STANDBY

Prerequisites for primary server :

- Primary should be running in archive log mode and Force logging should be enabled as below

Please issue the below to check whether db is running in archive log mode or no archive log mode :

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Please issue the below to check whether db is running in force_logging mode :

SQL> select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

FOR

---

YES

In case your db is running in noarchivelog mode and non-force logging mode follow the below :

Before issuing the queries below make sure to keep your db in mount state :

SQL> alter database archivelog enable;

SQL>alter database force logging;

make sure you have  connectivity between primary and standby servers.

From primary :

[oracle@dev186 oracle]$ ping 192.168.55.34

From standby :

[oracle@dev186 oracle]$ ping 192.168.55.42

Primary listener file : (/oracle/11g/11gr2/network/admin/listener.ora)

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/11g/11gr2/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER_PRIMARY = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC =(SID_NAME = primary) (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/11g/11gr2)))

INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_LISTENER = 0

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dev186.ebs.com)(PORT = 1521))

    )

  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (SID_NAME = primary)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/11g/11gr2)

     )

  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /oracle/11g

TNS files : (/oracle/11g/11gr2/network/admin/tnsnames.ora)

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/11g/11gr2/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

PRIMARY =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dev186.ebs.com)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = PRIMARY)

    )

  )

LISTENER_PRIMARY =

  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dev186.ebs.com)(PORT = 1521))

STANDBY =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dev201.ebs.com)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = STANDBY)

    )

  )

Once you have updated both the listener and tnsnames files, start the listener in both the servers and check the below :

Primary :

[oracle@dev186 oracle]$  lsnrctl start

to check status,

[oracle@dev186 oracle]$ lsnrctl status

Standby :

[oracle@dev201 oracle]$ lsnrctl start

once listener is up issue the below and check the connectivity

[oracle@dev186 oracle]$tnsping primary

[oracle@dev186 oracle]$tnsping standby

In order to configure dataguard, your primary and standby should use same password file. Create a new password file if you dont remember current sys password else you can move  the current password file to standby as below :

[oracle@dev186 oracle]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@dev186 11gr2]$ cd dbs

[oracle@dev186 dbs]$ ls

hc_clone.dat  hc_primary.dat  initCLONE.ora    initstandby.ora  lkSTANDBY     redo.sql          spfileprimary.ora

hc_DBUA0.dat  hc_standby.dat  init.ora         lkCLONE          orapwprimary  snapcf_primary.f

hc_orcl.dat   initclone.ora   initPRIMARY.ora  lkPRIMARY        primary.ora   spfileclone.ora

[oracle@dev186 dbs]$ scp orapwprimary oracle@192.168.55.34:/oracle/11g/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/ orapwstandby

Add standby redo logs  :

SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 4 ‘/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/onlinelog/log4a.log’ size 500M;

Database altered.

Update required parameters in primary pfile. Your primary pfile should be as below :

Primary pfile = $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initprimary.ora

initPRIMARY.ora :

primary.__db_cache_size=520093696

primary.__java_pool_size=16777216

primary.__large_pool_size=16777216

primary.__oracle_base='/oracle/11g'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

primary.__pga_aggregate_target=771751936

primary.__sga_target=855638016

primary.__shared_io_pool_size=0

primary.__shared_pool_size=285212672

primary.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/11g/admin/primary/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/controlfile/o1_mf_9q0v8cyw_.ctl','/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/controlfile/o1_mf_9q0v8d1v_.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_create_file_dest='/oracle/11g/oradata'

*.db_domain=''

*.db_name='primary'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5242880000

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='primary'

*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/11g'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=primaryXDB)'

*.FAL_SERVER='standby'

*.local_listener='LISTENER_PRIMARY'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=standby LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30

*.memory_target=1613758464

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE='EXCLUSIVE'

*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

initstandby.ora :

primary.__db_cache_size=671088640

primary.__java_pool_size=16777216

primary.__large_pool_size=16777216

primary.__oracle_base='/oracle/11g'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

primary.__pga_aggregate_target=654311424

primary.__sga_target=973078528

primary.__shared_io_pool_size=0

primary.__shared_pool_size=251658240

primary.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/11g/admin/standby/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/oracle/11g/oradata/standby/control01.ctl','/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/standby/control02.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_create_file_dest='/oracle/11g/oradata/standby'

*.db_domain=''

*.db_name='primary'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5242880000

*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/11g'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=standbyXDB)'

*.local_listener='LISTENER_STANDBY'

*.memory_target=1613758464

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

DB_UNIQUE_NAME='standby'

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=primary LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE

LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30

FAL_SERVER=standby

#db_create_online_log_dest_1='/oracle/11g/oradata/standby'

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

db_file_name_convert=('/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY','/oracle/11g/oradata/STANDBY')

log_file_name_convert=('/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY','/oracle/11g/oradata/STANDBY')

Once you have updated standby pfile, bring up standby instance to nomount state.

[oracle@dev201 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jun 7 12:06:04 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> startup nomount pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initstandby.ora'

Your instance should be started without any error.

Next, we have to clone primary db from primary server to standby server. In order to achieve this, we can use any of the cloing of the method as per our covenience. Here we will use duplicate statement to replicate db. Make sure you have updated the parameters below in standby pfile if your directory structure is different.

db_file_name_convert='/oracle/11g/oradata/STANDBY','/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY'

log_file_name_convert='/oracle/11g/oradata/STANDBY','/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY'

Take backup of primary database and controlfile using RMAN as below :

[oracle@dev186 oracle]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 7 12:14:37 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: PRIMARY (DBID=1684851363)

RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby;

Starting backup at 07-JUN-14

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=147 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including standby control file in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-JUN-14

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-JUN-14

piece handle=/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/backupset/2014_06_07/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20140607T121717_9s5fcrs3_.bkp tag=TAG20140607T121717 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 07-JUN-14

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;

Starting backup at 07-JUN-14

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_system_9q0v6hgo_.dbf

input datafile file number=00002 name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_9q0v6hkx_.dbf

input datafile file number=00005 name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_example_9q0v8sz0_.dbf

input datafile file number=00003 name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_9q0v6hl7_.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oracle/11g/oradata/PRIMARY/datafile/o1_mf_users_9q0v6hm1_.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-JUN-14

Starting backup at 07-JUN-14

current log archived

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=1 sequence=71 RECID=87 STAMP=849615566

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-JUN-14

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-JUN-14

piece handle=/oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/backupset/2014_06_07/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20140607T121926_9s5fhp63_.bkp tag=TAG20140607T121926 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 07-JUN-14

once backup is finished, Move all your backup including controlfile backup to standby server using scp command. Move all backup pieces to flash_recovery_area in standy server.

FRA ==> /oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area but your backup pieces should be in the below as same as primary server, 

Move backup pieces to the follwing in standby server --> oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/backupset/2014_06_06

Before we duplicate standby db we have create following directory structure into standby server.

[oracle@dev201 oracle]$ mkdir -pr oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/backupset/2014_06_06

[oracle@dev201 oracle]$ mkdir -pr oracle/11g/flash_recovery_area/PRIMARY/onlinelog

[oracle@dev201 oracle]$ mkdir -pr oracle/11g/oradata/standby

Now connect both target and auxiliary servers using RMAN,

[oracle@dev201 trace]$ rman

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 7 12:27:59 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

RMAN> connect auxiliray /

connected to target database: PRIMARY (DBID=1684851363)

RMAN> connect target sys/sys@primary

connected to auxiliary database: PRIMARY (DBID=1684851363)

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck dorecover;

once done.

Start MRP process in standby database,

SQL> alter database recover managed standy database disconnect;

once you issued, mrp bg process will be started in standby, confirm be the below :

[oracle@dev201 STANDBY]$ ps -ef | grep mrp

oracle    9543     1  0 09:28 ?        00:00:01 ora_mrp0_standby

once MRP process have been stared in standby, our standby db is all set receive redo log changes from primary. Now manually switch log file and check archive log sequences to make sure both have same count.

Connect to primary db and issue the below :

SQL>alter system switch logfile;

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     72

Next log sequence to archive   74

Current log sequence           74

Connect to standy db and issue the below :

SQL>archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     72

Next log sequence to archive   0

 Current log sequence           74

Check both the primary and standby alert logs for any errors. If not we have successfully configured physical standby and we can confirm it by the following queries,

DG Queries  :

Issue the following query to show information about the protection mode, the protection level, the role of the database, and switchover status:

SELECT DATABASE_ROLE, DB_UNIQUE_NAME INSTANCE, OPEN_MODE, PROTECTION_MODE, PROTECTION_LEVEL, SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

On the standby database, query the V$ARCHIVED_LOG view to identify existing files in the archived redo log.

SELECT SEQUENCE#, FIRST_TIME, NEXT_TIME FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;

Or

SELECT THREAD#, MAX(SEQUENCE#) AS "LAST_APPLIED_LOG" FROM V$LOG_HISTORY GROUP BY THREAD#;

On the standby database, query the V$ARCHIVED_LOG view to verify the archived redo log files were applied.

SELECT SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;

Query the physical standby database to monitor Redo Apply and redo transport services activity at the standby site.

SELECT PROCESS, STATUS, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, BLOCK#, BLOCKS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;

To determine if real-time apply is enabled, query the RECOVERY_MODE column of the V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS view.

SELECT RECOVERY_MODE FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS;

The V$DATAGUARD_STATUS fixed view displays events that would typically be triggered by any message to the alert log or server process trace files.

SELECT MESSAGE FROM V$DATAGUARD_STATUS;

Hope this document helps! :) Happy learning! Cheers!